How To Do Overhead Barbell Shoulder Press

Overhead Barbell Shoulder Press Instructions

1. Grasp the barbell so that it is located on the bottom of your palm
2. Rotate your hands so that your wrists joints are directly under the bar and not bent backwards
3. Your barbell grip should be approximately outside the shoulders and the forearms should be vertical with your arms tucked close to the ribs
4. The barbell should rest high towards the collar bone (if mobility is limited, the barbell can float above the collar bone area)
5. Squeeze your quadriceps and glutes while driving your feet down into the floor before and during the barbell press
6. Maintain straight wrists and push your elbows forward so they are in front of the barbell (do this before every repetition)
7. Keep your head back and push the barbell towards your face
8. Finish directly over the shoulders while avoiding the forward drift of the bar
9. Finish the lift by pressing the barbell towards the ceiling (barbell should be directly over the shoulders at the end position)
10. Bring barbell back down to the original start position
11. Repeat setup each time before pressing (drive your feet into the floor, squeeze quads/glutes, straighten wrists and push elbows forward)

Overhead Barbell Shoulder Press Video

The overhead barbell shoulder press activates the shoulders and triceps through shoulder flexion (raising your arm towards the ceiling), abduction (raising your arm away from the body) and triceps. There is also significant activation of the muscles which stabilise the shoulder blades.

The bench press involves a significant amount of shoulder flexion when pushing the barbell off the chest including high activation of the anterior deltoids. Reya et al. investigated factors that underly bench press performance. Their findings found that elbow and shoulder flexion strength was moderately associated with bench press 1-rep max. As such, doing overhead shoulder pressing movements can improve your bench press strength.

For powerlifters and bodybuilders who suffer from shoulder pain, some lifters may spend time doing low-intensity resistance band movements or external/internal rotation exercises to strengthen the shoulder stabiliser muscles. An issue with low load exercises is they may be too low in intensity to increase the loading capacity and strength of the muscles that stabilise the shoulder. As the overhead barbell shoulder press takes the scapular muscles through a full range of motion and provides high shoulder stabiliser muscle activation, overhead pressing may help reduce shoulder pain. The overhead press can be included in your training program and could potentially be used as a rehab exercise to help rebuild shoulder strength. For those that are suffering from shoulder pain, you should start with a lightweight and increase the weight slowly depending on your pain threshold.

References

Kroell, Jordan & Mike, Jonathan. (2017). Exploring the Standing Barbell Overhead Press. Strength and Conditioning Journal. 39. 1. 10.1519/SSC.0000000000000324.

Reya M, Škarabot J, Cvetičanin B, Šarabon N. Factors Underlying Bench Press Performance in Elite Competitive Powerlifters. J Strength Cond Res. 2021;35(8):2179-2186. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000003097